Types of Mental Illness
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Mood disorders – involve changes and disruptions in a person’s mood
and emotions. Depression and bipolar disorder are examples of mood
disorders.
Anxiety disorders – are the most common type of mental
disorder. They cause people to be overly anxious and afraid of
situations or events that most people consider normal. Panic disorder
and post-traumatic stress disorder are anxiety disorders.
Schizophrenia
– involves people losing the ability to know what’s real and what isn’t
(this feature is called psychosis). Schizophrenia also makes it
difficult for people to think, speak and interact in an organized way.
Psychosis is not just a part of schizophrenia, but may also be seen on
its own, or with other disorders like mood disorders.
Eating
disorders – involve a distorted body image along with serious behaviours
to manage food and weight, making it difficult to nourish oneself
properly. Eating disorders can be life-threatening. Examples of eating
disorders include anorexia and bulimia.
Personality disorders –
affect the way a person acts, feels and gets along with other people.
They can also cause people to be more impulsive. Borderline personality
disorder and antisocial personality disorder are examples of
personality disorder.
Substance use disorders (commonly called addictions) – occur when a person becomes dependent on a substance such as alcohol, tobacco or other drugs.
Dementia
– involves the loss of brain cells and results in loss of memory,
judgment and reasoning, along with changes in mood, behaviour and
communication abilities (beyond what might be seen in normal aging).
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia.
Attention
deficit (hyperactivity) disorder (ADD or ADHD) – can be diagnosed in
adults but is usually found in children and youth and affects their
ability to focus their attention. This condition may also include
hyperactivity, which is when a person becomes easily over-excited.
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